W/Q: Axmed Xaaji Xuseen Subayr
Hordhac.
Iyada oo dhawaan uu Jigjiga, caasimadda Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida, ka qabsoomay shirka Dhallinyarada Soomaaliyeed (Somali Youth Summit), ayaa waxaa baraha bulshada lagaga dooday da’ da dhallinyaronimada. Sababtuna waa iyada oo dad badan oo lagu tirinayay inay dhaafeen da’dii dhallinyaronimada ay kasoo dhexmuuqdeen shirkii dhallinayarada.
Haddaba waxaynu maqaalkaan kooban ku faaqidi doonnaa, yaa dhallinyaro ah? Caalamkuse yuu u aqoonsan yahay inuu ku jiro da’dii dhallinyaronimada? Soomaaliya, Itoobiya iyo waddamada Geeska Afrika yay uyaqaanaan dhallinyaro?
Doodda ku saabsan da’da lagaga baxo dhallinyaronimada waa mid aan ku goonni ahayn Soomaalida ee ay lawadaagto dalalka kale ee caalamka. Sida laga dheehan karo warbixinnada kasoo baxa Caalamka, waddamadu waa ku kala aragti duwan yihiin da’da loogu yeero dhallinyaro.
Muhiimadda Dhallinyaronimada.
Sheekh Mustafe X. Ismaaciil, isaga oo ka hadlaya muhiimadda ay leedahay dhallinyaronimada, waxa uu yiri, “Dhallinyaronimadu waa waqtiga ugu fiican ee qofka noloshiisa soo marta.” Markale Sheekh Mustafe waxa uu yiri, “Dhallinyaronimada waxaa ka horreeya waa fudayd, carruurnimo iyo dheel dheel. Dhallinyaronimada waxaa ka danbeeya, waa da’ iyo gabow iyo cidla fadhi. Idan[haddaba], dhallinyaronimada waa waqti udhaxaysa labada xoog. Dhallinyaradu waa shayga dadku wada jecelyahay. Kan yar een wali xadkaa soo gaadhin haddaad tidhaahdo waad yar tahay, may! buu leeyahay, waan waynahay! Kay dhaaftay ee roon haddaad tidhaahdo waad yara waynaatay, may may dhallinyaraan ahay buu leeyahay. Labada kooxoood kuwa sare iyo kuwa hooseba waa meesha ay raadcaynayaan [dhallinyaronimadu].”[1]
Waa maxay dhallinyaro?
Marka hore waxa aynu udhabbagalaynaa Af ahaan ereyga dhallinyaro waxa uu yahay micnihiisu.
Qaamuuska Af‒Soomaaliga[2] oo ay diyaariyeen Annarita Puglielli iyo Cabdalla Cumar Mansuur, waxa uu ku qeexayaa sidatan: dhallinyar: dadka inta da’dooda u dhexeyso gaashaanqaad ilaa garmadoobe. Eeg bogga: 213. Haddaynu sharraxno ereyada ku jira qeexitaanka, Gaashaan qaad: qof qaangaaray oo dagaal ka qayb gali kara. Garmadoobe: Nin da’diisu u dhaxeyso soddon ilaa afartan jir.
Qaamuuska[3] Yaasiin C. Keenadiid, Allaha unaxariistee, isagu dhallinyaro waxa uu ku qeexaa: dadka da’doodu udhaxayso waayeelka iyo carruurta. Fiiri bogga: 120.
Waxaa Iyana soo aroortay in kalmadda Shabaab oo asal ahaan ah carabi ah loo adeegsado dhallinyaro sida ku xusan Qaamuuska Maansuur iyo Puglielli, eeg bogga :751.
Waxaa isna kalmadda Shabaabnimo adeegsaday, Abwaan Xaaji Aadan Afqallooc, Allaha unaxariistee, oo yiri:
- Ummaddaan shabaabkeedu hanan waa ayaan xuma’ e.
- Inamiyo hablaba waxaad tihiin aarankii kacay’e
Qeexitaanka Ururada Caalamiga ah:
¢ Qaramada Midoobay(UN). Haya’adaha ku abtirsada qaramada midoobay, waxay dhallinyaro ku qeexaan da’ kala duwan laakiinse isu dhow. Eeg Qaraarrada soo kala baxay 2001 iyo 2008.
o Xoghayaha Guud waxa uu dhallinyaro u adeegsadaa da’da udhaxaysa 15-24 sano. Waxaa iyana da’daas qaatay UNFPA[4], UNICEF, WHO UNESCO iyo ILO.
o UN Habitat[5] , iyadu waxay dhallinyaro u aqoonsan tahay dadka da’doodu udhaxayso 15-32 sannadood.
¢ Midowga Afrika ( AU)[6]. Sida ku cad baaqa/heshiika Dhallinyarada ee Afrika ee soo baxay 2006, Dhallinyaro waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay da’da udhaxaysa 15 ilaa 35 sannadood.
Waddamada Bariga dhexe iyo Waqooyiga Afrika:
Waddamada Tuniisiya, Lubnaan, Morooko, iyo Falastiin waxay dhallinyaro u aqoonsan yihiin ugu yaraan qofkii gaara 15 ilaa 29 sano. Waddanka Qadar isagu wuxuu qabaa in dhallinyaronimada lagaga baxo wixii dhaafsiisan 25 sano. Waddanka Muritaaniya isagu waxa uu qaatay qeexitaanka Midowga afrika ee isagu gaarsiinaya ilaa 35 sano[7].
Qayb kamid ah Waddamada Bariga Afrika:
Waddanka Yugaandha[8] waxa uu dhallinyaro u aqoonsan yahay inta udhaxaysa da’da 12 ilaa 30 sannadood, halka waddanka Jabbuuti uu da’da dhallinyaranimada ka dhigtay 16 ilaa 30 sannadood. Keenya[9] iyadu waxay u astaysay da’da 18 ilaa 34 sano, meesha ay Itoobiya ugu wanqashay da’da dhallinyaronimada 15 ilaa 29 sannadood[10].
Soomaaliya
Siyaasadda qaran ee Dhalinyarada Soomaaliya[11] waxaa ku xusan in ay diiradda saarayso dadka da’doodu udhaxayso 15 ilaa 40 sano. Haddaba da’daan lagu tibaaxay Siyaasadda Dhallinyarada waxaa laga dheehan karaa in lagu talax tagay da’da oo aad loo waasiciyay taas oo keenaysa in dad waayeelka ku tirsan ay dhallinyaro is moodaan.
Gunaanad iyo Talo
Qof walbaa waxa uu jecelyahay in dhallinyaro loogu yeero. Kan yar oo carruurta ahi waxa uu rabaa in dhallinyaro baa tahay la dhaho si uu uga baxsado in lagu magacaabo carruur ama ciyaal, kaalinna uu uga qaato arrimaha dhallinyarada.
Dr Maxamuud M. Shibli isaga oo ka hadlaya sida dad dabani ujecelyihiin in dhalliyaro loogu yeero, ayaa uu yiri: “Dadka in badan oo waxaa jira markii dhallinyaro laga hadlayo isu haysta inay soo galayaan, laakiin aan iyaga laga hadlayn. Laga soo bilaabo xilliyadii aynu soo qaxnay, dadkii dhallinyaronimada ku yimid [Qurbaha] ee dhowr iyo labaatan jir, shan iyo labaatan jir, todoba iyo labaatan jirka ahaa, tobanka sanona joogay maantana afartanka caga-cagaynaya, haddii layiraahdo dhallinyaradaa laga hadlayaa, wali maalinkii ay yimaadeen[qurbaha] da’doodii bay joogaan oo iyaga in laga hadlayo bay moodayaan. Markaasaad waxaad arkaysaa marar badan innaga oo leh: inteenna dhallinyarada ah, iyo dhallinyaradeenna iyo shabaabka. Raggii cirroobay, madaxa iyo garkuna caddaaday, bidaartana madaxii [ay] timihii ka buubeen, da’na ay kadaba timi, wali waa dhallinyaro!”[12]
Intaas Sheekhu sheegay wax badan baa ka jira laakiin inkasta oo ay sida badan cirradu tahay calaamad da’ ama waayeelnimo laakiin waxaa dhacda in la arko qof dhallinyaro ah oo madaxu xooshka dhigay, waana tan ay dhahaan waa cirro caanood. Sidaas oo kale, xaalado aan badnayn oo dhallinyaro bidaari hooshay baa la arkaa. Marka waxaan warkayga murtidiisu tahay, cirro walba iyo bidaar kasta, waayeelnimo astaan uma ah, laakiin waa sida badan.
Ugudanbayn, sida kor ku xusan, majiro waddan da’da dhallintiisa gaarsiiyay 40 sano, marka laga reebo Soomaaliya, sidaas darteed waxaan usoo jeedin lahaa in ay Wasaaradda Dhallinyarada iyo Isboortiska ee Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya, ay dib u eegis ku samayso siyaasadda qaran ee dhallinyarada lana saxo da’da lagaga bixi karo dhallinyaronimada.
W/Q: Axmed Xaaji Xuseen Subayr
Email: [email protected]
Tixraac
[1] Sheekh Mustafe X.Ismaacii. (2012). Muxaadarada : Dhallinyaradu waa dhib iyo yididiilo( الشباب أمل وألم), Stockholm, Sweden.
[2] Annarita Puglielli iyo Cabdalla C. Mansuur(2012). Qaamuuska Af‒Soomaaliga. RomaTRE-PRESS
[3] Yaasiin C. Keenadiid.(1976). Qaamuuska Af‒Soomaaliga. Wasaaradda Hiddaha iyo Tacliinta Sare, Muqdisho, Soomaaliya.
[4] http://www.unfpa.org/emergencies/manual/8.htm
[5] http://www.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3393
[6] http://www.africa-union.org/root/ua/conferences/mai/hrst/charter%20english.pdf
[7] OECD.(2019). Seven Key Findings from youth Governance survey. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) program.
[8] MINISTRY OF GENDER, LABOUR AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT( 2001).The National Youth Policy. Kampala, Uganda.
[9] Ministry of Public Service, Youth and Gender Affairs. ( 2018). Kenya Youth Development Policy.
State Department for Public Service and Youth
[10] Ministry of Youth, Sports and Culture. (2004). National Youth Policy. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[11] Minister of Youth and Sports of the Federal Government of Somalia. ( 2017). The National Youth Policy of The Federal Government of Somalia
[12] Dr Sheekh Maxamuud Shibli. (2004). Muxaadarada: Dhallinyarta Qurbaha ku nool maxaa laga sugayaa?
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