By Dayib Mohamed Abdilahi

Historically, the Somali people have demonstrated a unique culture of generosity and mutual support, fostering strong bonds between families, relatives, and communities. This culture of giving and supporting the needy has been integral to Somali society, allowing individuals to depend on wealthier members of the community for survival. Such interdependence has played a vital role in enabling the Somali people to endure years of civil wars and conflicts.

Before the establishment of government systems in 1960, Somali society was characterized by a high degree of competence and self-reliance. Each household member had a defined role, contributing to the family structure in rural communities. The people were remarkably innovative, crafting most of their household utensils and materials themselves, as importation was limited. This culture of creativity and competition sustained the community and inspired a strong work ethic.

After the establishment of the Somali government in 1960 marked the beginning of Somali urban expansion, with increasing numbers of rural people migrating to cities. However, this move had unintended consequences, leading to the decline of self-reliance and the erosion of traditional handcraft skills. The government did not foster the population’s creativity or work to improve and develop these skills. Consequently, many Somalis became less innovative and more reliant on external importation products.

The collapse of the Somali government in 1991 led to a mass exodus of the country’s elites, including politicians, educators, and doctors, who sought asylum in developed countries, particularly in Europe and North America. These individuals, once settled, began sending remittances to support their families back home. Today, Somali migrants around the world remit approximately $1.3 billion annually, surpassing the highest humanitarian aid figures for Somalia, which amount to $800 million. These remittances have become a critical source of household income, supporting food security, education, and livelihoods. An estimated 40% of Somali families rely on these funds to meet their food needs, and over 50,000 individuals worldwide are employed in Somali money transfer operations.

The impact of these remittances has been significant. They have funded education and contributed to the development of businesses, enabling some families to achieve financial stability and fostering growth in the Somali economy. Many current professionals and leaders in Somalia owe their education and careers to the support provided by remittances. However, over the last three decades, this financial lifeline has also given rise to a new hybrid culture characterized by dependency.

Generations born during this period have grown up accustomed to effortless financial support from family members abroad. Many have not witnessed their parents engaging in work or entrepreneurship, which has contributed to a culture of complacency and diminished ambition. Despite receiving education, many young Somalis lack the drive or direction to utilize their potential effectively. Some have become content with the small sums of money sent by relatives, neglecting opportunities to build their own livelihoods and stifling their creativity and entrepreneurial spirit.

To address this challenge, Somali diaspora members who provide remittances should consider changing their approach. Rather than sending money regularly, they could invest in small businesses for their families back home. Such initiatives would provide a sustainable source of income, encourage self-reliance, and stimulate the entrepreneurial mindset within families. Growing up in an environment where parents are actively managing businesses can inspire children to develop a strong work ethic and a creative outlook. These investments could eventually evolve into larger enterprises, supporting not just individual families but also contributing to the broader economic development of Somali society.

Dayib Mohamed Abdilahi
Email: erdayib99@gmail.com
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Dayib Mohamed is a lecturer at Somali National University, Faculty of Science, specializing in Geology.